Space-Time & Speed of Light

Mileva's Role in the Theory

The exact role of Mileva Marić Einstein in the development of special relativity remains a subject of debate among historians of science. The lack of conclusive documents, such as jointly signed manuscripts or official publications under her name, makes any definitive claim difficult. Nevertheless, several historical and contextual elements suggest that Mileva played a more significant role than traditionally credited, particularly in the mathematically complex aspects of the theory.

Mileva Marić had a strong background in mathematics and theoretical physics, acquired notably during her studies at the Zurich Polytechnic. She attended the same courses as Albert Einstein and mastered the mathematical tools required to develop advanced theoretical models. At a time when mathematics was central to the formalization of physical theories, this expertise is an important indicator of her capacity to contribute actively to ongoing work.

The letters exchanged between Albert Einstein and Mileva Marić provide valuable insight into the nature of their intellectual relationship. They show regular scientific exchanges, shared reflection, and a genuine dialogue about fundamental problems in physics. In a 1901 letter, Albert wrote, "How happy and proud I will be when we have brought our work on relative motion to a victorious conclusion together!"

Several historians hypothesize that Mileva contributed to the mathematical verification of equations, the discussion of hypotheses, and the conceptual clarification of ideas related to relative motion and time. Even if these contributions are not directly visible in the final publications, they may have played a decisive role in the maturation of concepts that led to special relativity.

The case of Mileva Marić thus invites a more nuanced reading of the history of relativity. Without questioning Albert Einstein's scientific genius, it highlights the importance of considering often invisible collaborations that may have nourished his work. Studying her role contributes more broadly to reflection on how some female contributions have been marginalized in the history of science.